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Home>Products>Journal and Reviews>I.RE.A.CO.>Latest issue International Review of Automatic Control (Theory and Applications) - March 2010 - Papers
International Review of Automatic Control - Papers
Vol. 3. n. 2, pp. 100-105
Abstract - This paper discusses an approach to tune the PID controller parameters using the optimization method and grey prediction algorithm. The method involves calculating the average of the estimated error using grey prediction algorithm. A mat lab program is developed using simulink to find the average of the estimated error for the system whose process is modeled in first order lag plus dead time (FOLPD) form. the Optimization method with mat lab software program was used to find the optimum value for the controller gain (Kc (opt)) which minimizes specific performance criteria (ITAE performance criteria) to achieve most of the systems requirements such as reducing the overshoot, maintain a high system response, achieve a good load disturbances rejection and maintain robustness. The average of the estimated error had been calculated using grey prediction algorithm. Those two parameters were used to calculate the gain of the controller (Kc), integral time (Ti) and the derivative time (Td) for PID controller. Simulations for the proposed algorithm had been done for different process models. A comparison between the proposed tuning rules and the traditional tuning rules is done through the Matlab software to show the efficiency of the new tuning rule. Copyright © 2010 Praise Worthy Prize S.r.l. - All rights reserved
Keywords: ITAE Criteria, AMIGO Tuning Rule, PID, Grey Prediction Algorithm.
Vol. 3. n. 2, pp. 106-114
Abstract - New state feedback stabilisability conditions of both monovariable and multivariable nonlinear continuous systems, based on the use of aggregation techniques associated to the use of the arrow form instantaneous characteristic matrix, are proposed in this paper. Examples are considered to illustrate the efficiency of the obtained results. Copyright © 2010 Praise Worthy Prize S.r.l. - All rights reserved
Keywords: Nonlinear Continuous Systems, Stability, Borne-Gentina Criterion, Stabilization, Arrow Form Characteristic Matrix.
by Atef Khedher, Kamel Ben Othman Vol. 3. n. 2, pp. 115-124
Abstract - The problem of faults detection and identification in noisy systems is studied in this paper. Two cases are considered, the linear and non linear systems. A proportional integral observer with unknown inputs is used to reconstruct state and actuator faults affecting the system. In order to estimate sensor faults, a mathematical transformation is made to conceive an augmented system, in which the initial sensor fault appears as an unknown input. Considering actuator faults as unknown inputs, one can use a method of estimation of unknown inputs. The noise effect on the state and fault estimation errors is also minimized. The linear case is considered in first time and then the obtained results are extended to non linear systems described by Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy models. The proposed method is applied to the three tanks system. Copyright © 2010 Praise Worthy Prize S.r.l. - All rights reserved
Keywords: State Estimation, Sensor Faults, Actuator Faults, Unknown Input, Multiple Models, Faults Estimation, Takagi-Sugeno, Three Tanks System.
Vol. 3. n. 2, pp. 125-133
Abstract - This paper deals with modeling and parameter identification of Hammerstein nonlinear ARMAX (HARMAX) model. The nonlinear block is characterized by several discontinuous nonlinearities (Dead-Zone (DZ), Preload (P), Dead-Zone with Saturation (DZS) and Saturation (S)), the linear dynamic block is described by the Autoregressive Moving Average with eXogenous input (ARMAX) model. A new formulation for these nonlinearities is developed. Contrary to the model structure which is known, all the parameters are assumed to be unknown. Two iterative algorithms with estimation of the internal variables are proposed: BELS (Bias-Eliminated Least Squares) and LS (Least-Squares). More illustrative examples are included to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed algorithms. Copyright © 2010 Praise Worthy Prize S.r.l. - All rights reserved
Keywords: System Identification, HARMAX Model, Discontinuous Nonlinearities, Unbiased Estimator.
Vol. 3. n. 2, pp. 134-141
Abstract - This paper considers the construction of a general method for modeling and identification of linear time invariant multivariable systems using the Generalized Orthonormal Basis Functions. To estimate the optimal poles we propose a new technique of poles optimization based on the gradient method. The set of Fourier coefficients is updated by applying Unknown But Bounded Error approaches. This updating aims to synthesize a robust predictive control. Copyright © 2010 Praise Worthy Prize S.r.l. - All rights reserved
Keywords: Modeling, Identification, Multivariable, Generalized Orthonormal Basis Functions, Optimization, UBBE.
Vol. 3. n. 2, pp. 142-151
Abstract - This paper investigates both discrete-time and frequency domain design of observer-based controller for discrete-time linear multivariable systems. The main interest is that the order of this controller is equal to the dimension of the functional to be estimated. The discrete-time procedure design is solved into two steps; First the control gain is designed using H∞ techniques. Then based on the unbiasedness of the estimation error of the filter and using a Sylvester equation, the problem is expressed in a singular system one and is solved by means of Linear Matrix Inequalities (LMIs) to find the optimal gain implemented in the observer-controller design. The frequency domain procedure design is derived from discrete-time domain results, where we propose some suitable coprime Matrix Fractions Descriptions (MFDs) and mainly establishing the useful and equivalent form of the connecting relationship that parameterizes the dynamics behavior between discrete-time and z-domain. A numerical example is given to illustrate our approach. Copyright © 2010 Praise Worthy Prize S.r.l. - All rights reserved
Keywords: Discrete-Time Domain, Frequency Domain , Linear System, Observer-Based Controller, LMI, MFD.
Vol. 3. n. 2, pp. 152-160
Abstract - This paper deals with the problem of complexity reduction of RKHS models developed on the Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Space (RKHS) using the statistical learning theory (SLT) devoted to supervised learning problems. However, the provided RKHS model suffers from the parameter number which equals the observations used in the learning phase. In this paper we propose a new way to reduce the number of parameters of RKHS model. The proposed method titled Reduced Kernel Principal Component Analysis (RKPCA) consists on approximating the retained principal components given by the KPCA method by a set of observation vectors which point to the directions of the largest variances with the retained principal components. The proposed method has been tested on a chemical reactor and the results were successful. Copyright © 2010 Praise Worthy Prize S.r.l. - All rights reserved
Keywords: Nonlinear System, RKHS, Complexity Reduction, Principal Component, RKPCA.
Vol. 3. n. 2, pp. 161-171
Abstract - This paper presents a less conservative approach for the synthesis of a multiobserver able to estimate the states and unknown inputs of a discrete nonlinear system. The stabilization of the error observation is guaranteed by the use of the second Lyapunov approch. The stability conditions obtained are expressed in term of Linear Matrices Inequalities (LMI) and are got from the use of the Lyapunov quadratic functions in a first study and from the Lyapunov polyquadratic functions in a second study which appears less conservative and less constraining than the first. Illustrative examples are also presented in this paper. Copyright © 2010 Praise Worthy Prize S.r.l. - All rights reserved
Keywords: Discrete Multimodel, Multiobserver with Unknown Inputs, Quadratic Stabilization, Polyquadratic Stabilization, Unknown Input Estimation, Linear Matrix Inequalities (LMI).
Vol. 3. n. 2, pp. 172-182
Abstract - A power system must be capable to regain its stability and desired performance following any change of operating point. To meet satisfactory voltage regulation and damping performance on a wide range of operating conditions, the designed automatic voltage regulators (AVR) and power system stabilizers (PSS) must be enough robust, by working in a coordinated manner. This paper presents an overview of the key issues and new challenges on coordinated AVR-PSS design in interconnected power systems. A brief survey on the recent developments is presented, and new challenges imposed by introducing renewable energy sources (RESs) are emphasized. Copyright © 2010 Praise Worthy Prize S.r.l. - All rights reserved
Keywords: AVR, Coordination, PSS, Renewable Energy Source, Robustness.
Vol. 3. n. 2, pp. 183-186
Abstract - PWM is a control technique in AC drive systems to obtain high performance speed control. In this paper the space vector modulation technique (SVPWM) is applied to 3 level inverter controls in the proposed induction motor drive system. The proposed inverter drive scheme is capable of producing a multilevel PWM waveform for the phase voltage ranging from a 3-level waveform with less current and voltage harmonics. In the multilevel SVPWM, the switching frequency can be lee than carrier frequency, so switching losses can be minimized for more efficient. Copyright © 2010 Praise Worthy Prize S.r.l. - All rights reserved
Keywords: SVPWM, Induction Motor, Commutation Loss Speed Oscillation.
Vol. 3. n. 2, pp. 187-197
Abstract - The authors proposed the space vector modulation (SVM) to control multilevel voltage inverter. The multilevel inverter’s topology, the representation of the output space vectors voltages and an algorithm to calculate the SVM width pulses are presented in this paper. A comparative study is developed between the results obtained by both control strategies SVM and sinusoidal PWM justify the efficacy of the first one which offers particularly interesting indications such as the exploitation of the vectors redundancy to balance the capacity flying voltage and the improvement of the load current and voltage waveforms. The SVM control provides also a more efficacy use of the DC link voltage allowing an optimized efficiency in the applications of medium and high power. Copyright © 2010 Praise Worthy Prize S.r.l. - All rights reserved
Keywords: Multilevel Inverter, SVM Control.
Vol. 3. n. 2, pp. 198-208
Abstract - In this paper the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was developed for fault detection and Identification in the Boiler system. The paper presents the modeling and simulation of boiler system in a coal fired power plant, then the PCA model using the data generated from a simulation of the Boiler system dynamics because; all the operation modes can be excited through well-designed simulations. The Boiler model presented here consists of the following components: furnace, riser, drum, super-heater, re-heater and economizer. Most of the equations developed for the Boiler system are based on heat transfer and conservation equations. The results showed that this approach could avoid false alarms and fault misdiagnosis due to changes in operation conditions and model certainty. Moreover, this method could detect and identify fault signals in the model even in noisy state. Copyright © 2010 Praise Worthy Prize S.r.l. - All rights reserved
Keywords: PCA, Hotelling’s T2, SPE, Fault Detection, Fault Identification.
Vol. 3. n. 2, pp. 209-218
Abstract - Utilization of hydro pumped energy storage (PS) units in conjunction with thermal generating units (TGU) could serve not only as an effective means for providing ancillary services and levelizing demand curve but also as a mechanism for lowering costs for TGUs operation. The objective of this study is to develop a multi-constraint (leveling demand curve, providing spinning reserve, and decreasing fuel and start-up costs (TC)) solution of the unit commitment (UC) problem with TGUs and considerations for PS units (PSUC). After determining the output power of PS units, a novel optimization methodology (NOM) is examined to solve the UC problem for TGUs. The NOM benefits from a newly developed fitness function. The application of proposed methodologies is examined for power systems, used in other studies, for a 24 hour operation period. For the UC, the results show improvements between 0.01 and 4.16% in TC, as compared with the best results reported in the literature. The PSUC results show that the savings in TC for this study, when PS units are dispatched for leveling demand curve and providing spinning reserve, are 2.62 and 2.65%, respectively. Also, as a result of utilizing PS units, the demand curve is leveled and all of spinning reserve requirement is met. Copyright © 2010 Praise Worthy Prize S.r.l. - All rights reserved
Keywords: Optimization, Pumped Energy Storage, Unit Commitment.
Vol. 3. n. 2, pp. 219-225
Abstract - Human-operated robotic systems are a suitable solution for supporting industrial and household work from the viewpoints of cost efficiency and the currently available technologies. This paper presents a model reference control approach for a human-operated robotic system. This approach incorporates commands given by a human operator and compensates for mistakes made by the operator in real-time, and is applied to achieve collision avoidance of the robotic manipulator. The proposed method employs inexpensive distance sensors to achieve real-time collision avoidance. The effectiveness of the proposed method is confirmed by an experiment in which an unskilled operator uses the manipulator in a narrow space. Copyright © 2010 Praise Worthy Prize S.r.l. - All rights reserved
Keywords: Human-Operated Robot, Manipulator, Motion Control, Collision Avoidance.
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