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International Review
on Computers and Software - Papers
 A
New Approach to the Extraction of Multiword Terms from Arabic Texts
by Ahmad T.
Al-Taani
Vol. 5. n. 2, pp. 129-133
Abstract -
In Arabic machine translation
systems, there is an increasing need for robust methods for the
extraction of Arabic Multiword Terms (MWTs) to reduce the expected
ambiguity inherent in word-to-word matching. MWTs include compound nouns,
compound names, compound determinants, verbal locutions, adverbial
locutions, and prepositional locutions. In this study, we propose the
use of Arabic Grammars and Linguistic Rules for the extraction of Arabic
MWTs from Arabic texts. Experimental results showed the effectiveness of
the proposed method for extracting Arabic MWTs.
Copyright © 2010 Praise
Worthy Prize S.r.l. - All rights reserved
Keywords:
Arabic Language Processing (NLP), Personal Names, Multi-Word Terms
(MWTs), Compound Names.
Environmental
Non-Speech Sound Recognition Using Hidden Markov Model. Case Study:
Glass Break Sounds
by Y. Mohanna, O.
Bazzi, A. Zaiour, A. Alaeddine, S. Georges, F. Slaoui
Vol. 5. n. 2, pp. 134-144
Abstract - This
paper introduces the basics of environmental or non-speech sound
recognition by presenting data-preprocessing, feature extraction and
classification techniques used in sound recognition systems. A new
method easily implemented on embedded digital signal processors, based
on Hidden Markov Models HMM and applied to glass break sounds is
presented. Data preprocessing includes analog to digital converting,
sampling and anti-aliasing filtering. Features extraction includes
zero-crossing, envelope function detecting, spectral mean and bank
filtering. Classification technique includes vector quantization and
HMM. The method's MATLABTM functions are shown. Tests show 88%
recognition rate and 7% false alarms.
Copyright © 2010 Praise Worthy Prize S.r.l. -
All rights reserved
Keywords:
Sound Recognition, Signal Processing, Hidden Markov Model.
Time-Frequency
Spectrogram Analysis of Acoustic Signals Backscattered by an Air-Filled
Aluminium Tube Immersed in Water
by M.
Laaboubi, El. Aassif, R. Latif, G. Maze, A. Moudden
Vol. 5. n. 2, pp. 145-149
Abstract - In this
study, we show that the characterization of an elastic tube can be made
from the cut-off frequencies of the circumferential waves and the
velocities waves in the material constituting the tube. The spectrogram
time-frequency is applied to an acoustic signal backscattered by an
Aluminum tube. The cut-off frequencies of the circumferential waves A1,
S1, A2 estimated from the spectrogram images, are compared with those
calculated via the proper modes theory. The transverse and the
longitudinal velocities of Aluminum material, determined from the
spectrogram images, are in good agreement with those given in the
scientific literature.
Copyright © 2010 Praise Worthy Prize S.r.l. -
All rights reserved
Keywords:
Acoustic Signals, Spectral Analysis, Time-Frequency
Representation, Spectrogram, Aluminium Tube, Circumferential Waves,
Cut-Off Frequencies, Longitudinal and Transverse Velocities.
Multiple
Description Transform Image Coder Using Correlating Transforms
by K.
Khelil, A. Hussain, F. Berrezzek, A. Djebbari
Vol. 5. n. 2, pp. 150-155
Abstract - The
objective of multiple description coding (MDC) is to represent a source
into multiple descriptions such that various reconstruction qualities
are obtained from different subsets of the descriptions. In this paper,
we report an application of a proposed method for MDC to image coding.
The method adds statistical redundancy to a set of data such that lost
streams can be estimated from the received data. We employ a different
way of forming the descriptions. The technique is shown to be more
efficient and also overcomes the assumption that requires communication
of the DC components reliably through other means.
Copyright © 2010 Praise Worthy Prize S.r.l. -
All rights reserved
Keywords:
Joint Source Channel Coding, Multiple Description Coding, Image
Coding.
by A. Poinsot, F.
Yang
Vol. 5. n. 2, pp. 156-167
Abstract - Including
multiple sources of information in personal identity recognition and
verification gives the opportunity to greatly improve performance. In
this paper, a new adaptive contactless biometric system is proposed,
which combines two modalities: palmprint and face. The processing chain
has been designed to overcome embedded general public system constraints
such as operability with a small-number sample set, low-cost,
portability, real-time processing, and limited memory. After the
extraction of palmprint from the hand image, a Gabor filter is applied
to each modality in order to extract discriminative features, which are
then used for classification. Score level fusion possibilities are
discussed and tested using first a bimodal database of 130 subjects
designed by the authors (uB database), and then two common public
biometric databases (AR for face and PolyU for palmprint). High
performance has been obtained for recognition and verification purpose:
a recognition rate of 97.89% with AR-PolyU database and an equal error
rate of 1.12% on the uB database using only 2 training samples per
subject. This study shows the feasibility of a robust and efficient
multimodal hardware biometric system which offers several advantages
such as flexibility and user-friendliness.
Copyright © 2010 Praise Worthy Prize S.r.l. -
All rights reserved
Keywords:
Face Recognition, Multimodal Biometrics, Palm Coding, Score
Fusion, Small Sample Set Problem.
Energy
Efficient Protocols: Survey in Wireless & Internet Project
by Ganesh Prasad
Khuntia, Siba Prasada Panigrahi, Prasant Kumar Satpathy, Pawan Kumar
Modi
Vol. 5. n. 2, pp. 168-180
Abstract - Wireless
network and Internet became an integral component of modern
communication Infrastructure. Due to limited battery life of mobile
terminals, energy efficiency is an important design consideration.
Considerable research has been devoted to low power design of the entire
system in an effort to enhance energy efficiency. This work is a
comprehensive summary of energy-efficient designs. Here, we attempt in
giving a systematic classification of existing energy management schemes
available for sensor systems (mobile & wireless systems and internet
projects). This paper outlines different approaches, schemes of energy
management and provides suggestions and resources for the researchers of
the concerned area.
Copyright © 2010 Praise Worthy Prize S.r.l. -
All rights reserved
Keywords:
Wireless Networks, Internet Project, Energy Efficient Design,
Network Protocols.
Webpage
Stegano Compression Approach Using Attributes in Html Tags
by M.
S. Al-Rababaa, J. Q. Al-Nihoud
Vol. 5. n. 2, pp. 181-185
Abstract - Majority
of information hiding webpage algorithms suffer from poor
imperceptibility and low capacity. This paper introduces new approach to
hide compressed secret message using sorted attributes within HTML tag.
The proposed approach relies on two major proposed algorithms; the first
algorithm is used to hide the secret message in HTML tags based on
enhanced proposed sorting technique as compared to the attribute pair
order technique while the second algorithm is used to extract the secret
message. Furthermore, Huffman coding and decoding is utilized as part of
the steganography process to increases the capacity of hiding
information. The proposed method implemented, tested, and compared with
the stegano webpage algorithms currently in use. The conducted
experiments showed that the proposed approach increases the hiding
capacity dramatically as compared with the most common approaches in
this field. Stegano-compression of webpages using enhanced sorting
technique to the attributes in HTML tags improves the hiding capacity
and overcomes the shortcoming of poor imperceptibility of the existing
algorithms.
Copyright © 2010 Praise Worthy Prize S.r.l. -
All rights reserved
Keywords:
Information Hiding, Steganography, HTML Tags, Huffman Coding.
Effects
of an Online Learning on EFL University Students’ English Reading
Comprehension
by Samir Zidat,
Mahieddine Djoudi
Vol. 5. n. 2, pp. 186-192
Abstract - The
purpose of the present research is trying to determine if the reading
comprehension instruction can be enhanced by an online reading
environment to compensate for the lack of time devoted to the English
course at Algeria, Batna Computer Science Department. Our main research
question is trying to provide us with an answer to the following
question whether an online learning of English as a Foreign Language
university students’ English reading comprehension should be embraced or
avoided. The findings of the experiment revealed by the ANOVA’s (ANalyse
of VAriance) method that from practical side, a true integration of the
Web in English language pedagogy can help poor students better their
English and become somehow independent and confident readers and incite
the teacher to be active in the teaching learning process. The paper
concludes with some suggestions and recommendations we think, they are
necessary for the implementation of an online reading comprehension
environment in Algerian universities.
Copyright © 2010 Praise Worthy Prize S.r.l. -
All rights reserved
Keywords:
Improvement of Reading Skills, Evaluation, Language Teaching,
Online Reading Comprehension.
Capacity
Utilization and Admission Control in the Downlink of Mobile Wimax
by D. S. Shu’aibu,
S. K. Syed-Yusof, N. Fisal
Vol. 5. n. 2, pp. 193-199
Abstract - WiMAX is
a broadband wireless technology that uses base station like the present
GSM. WiMAX offers services to different traffic classes with different
quality of services requirements. Unlike GSM, five different traffics
were identified in WiMAX in which all subscribers can be in any of the
traffics. These traffics are either constant bit rate application or
variable bit rate. In this paper, we present a call admission control
that divides the total bandwidth capacity (bit rate) of the down link in
to constant bit rate traffics and variable bit rate traffics within the
base station coverage and those out of coverage area through the relay
station. The relay station is assumed to decode and forward. Eight
different traffics were randomly deployed a number of times, in to the
sector of the cell of the base station and the relay station. The
traffics were admitted based on their signal to noise ratio (SNR), bit
rate and availability of the bandwidth on the down link sub-frame. The
results showed that the propose admission policy utilizes the capacity
more efficiently and the bandwidth is well managed compare to the
conventional policy in WiMAX system.
Copyright © 2010 Praise Worthy Prize S.r.l. -
All rights reserved
Keywords: Admission
Control, Bandwidth Management, Blockage, Data Rate, Policy, Qos,
Rejection, Traffics.
Exploring
Users’ Attitudes and Intentions toward the Interactive Whiteboard
Technology Environment
by Chia-Cheng Shen,
Huan-Ming Chuang
Vol. 5. n. 2, pp. 200-208
Abstract -
Interactivity is the key characteristic in interactive whiteboard
technology (IWT). This study aims to provide a better understanding of
communication behavior in IWT. This research’s objective is to
investigate the effects of the interactivity level on a user’s attitude
and intention toward the use of IWT. As a result, we cite the technology
acceptance model (TAM) to support this research. However, traditional
TAM ignores intrinsic motivation, so we introduce perceived
self-efficacy as the factor that reflects the user’s intrinsic
motivation in IWT tool acceptance. Specifically speaking, our test
consisted of system characteristics (interactivity), extrinsic
motivation (TAM), and intrinsic motivation (perceived self-efficacy), in
an integrated theoretical framework of IWT behavior. Data collected from
350 elementary school students in Taiwan were tested against the
extended TAM, using the structural equation modeling approach. The
results strongly support the extended TAM in predicting users’
intentions to adopt IWT. Attitude and behavioral intentions are
directly/indirectly affected by interactivity, perceived self-efficacy,
perceived ease of use, and perceived usefulness. Several implications
for IWT acceptance research and management practices are discussed.
Copyright © 2010 Praise Worthy Prize S.r.l. -
All rights reserved
Keywords:
Interactive Whiteboard Technology (IWT), Interactivity, Technology
Acceptance Model (TAM), Human-Computer Interaction, E-Learning.
A
Knowledge-Based System for Heuristic Search in a Competitive Multiagent
Game
by M. Maliković,
M. Čubrilo
Vol. 5. n. 2, pp. 209-218
Abstract - In this
paper we shall consider possibilities of the heuristic development of a
tree of actions and states in a competitive multiagent system. These
heuristics are developed on the basis of the agents’ knowledge about the
current state of the system and their knowledge concerning the knowledge
of other competitive agents. Furthermore, they are based upon deductive
conclusions which can be derived by using the available information
about the system. The model is based on a simple card game with
incomplete information, which means that the developed heuristics
actually represent possible strategies used by the player in order to
achieve the highest possible win probability. Along with theoretical
assumptions, the paper describes a concrete system built in the
deductive system Coq for two purposes: the verification of the
possibility of implementing the theoretical idea, as well as the
statistical measurement of the results achieved by different strategies
at different levels of reasoning. For the purpose of reasoning about
knowledge, special knowledge matrices have been introduced, which can be
used on different levels of nested knowledge. They can also be upgraded
on the basis of the available information about the state of the system.
They could be used by the players as a source of information for using
the chosen strategies.
Copyright © 2010 Praise Worthy Prize S.r.l. -
All rights reserved
Keywords:
Knowledge-Based System, Competitive Multiagent Game, Heuristic Search,
Card Game, Coq.
The
Interaction-Oriented Approach for Modeling and Implementing Multi-Agent
Systems
by A. Sayouti, F.
Moutaouakkil, H. Medromi
Vol. 5. n. 2, pp. 219-224
Abstract - The
remote control of mobile systems over Internet has thrown open an
entirely new gamut of real-world applications, namely tele-manufacturing,
tele-surgery and space exploration. Although the Internet offers a cheap
and readily available communication channel for remote control, there
are still many problems that need to be solved before successful
real-world applications can be realized. These problems include its
restricted bandwidth and arbitrarily large transmission delay, which
influence the performance of the remote control. The solution proposed
to face the limitations of the Internet, is founded on the autonomy and
the intelligence, based on multi-agents systems, granted to the mobile
system in order to interact with its environment and to collaborate with
the remote user. Interactions play an important role for the
coordination and the cooperation of agents in a multi-agents system. In
this context, the expression and the management of these interactions
constitute significant stakes. In this paper, we propose an abstraction
of these interactions where an interaction is regarded as a shared
resource separated from the internal architecture of agents and easily
reused by them. In a first part, we describe and compare the
interaction-oriented approach to the classic one. Then a list of
properties is given to show the benefit to consider an interaction, not
only as a communication means, but also as an entity shared by all
agents and not reserved to some of them. An illustration of our approach
is given in a remote control application of two mobile systems using
VRML.
Copyright © 2010 Praise Worthy Prize S.r.l. -
All rights reserved
Keywords:
Multi-Agents Systems, Distributed Systems, Interactions, Web
Application, Virtual Reality.
Framework
for Filling the Gap between System Architect and Analyzable Models
by Sima Emadi,
Fereidoon Shams
Vol. 5. n. 2, pp. 225-232
Abstract - With the
growing complexity and size of software systems and applications, the
evaluation of these systems in the development process, especially in
the first development phase is very important. Software engineers are
not familiar with the non-functional requirement analysis and unable to
analyze such requirements easily. In this paper, a framework consisting
of three parts is introduced. With the help of the integration of the
software architecture description and requirement evaluation, this
framework minimizes the gap between software engineers and
non-functional requirement analysis. In the first part of this
framework, software architecture is described through software
notations. The second part called intermediate model is based on XML and
consists of software models and formal intermediate relations of models.
In this framework, a general structure based on XML is provided for
Petri nets extensions in order to be suitable for all Petri net
extensions. Furthermore, it was indicated how different analysis
methodologies can be integrated in this framework. In the third part,
the output of the intermediate model was transformed in to an analysis
model.
Copyright © 2010 Praise Worthy Prize S.r.l. -
All rights reserved
Keywords:
General Syntax of Petri Nets, Non-Functional Requirements, Petri
Net Extensions, Software Architecture Evaluation.
Using
the Quad-Tree Structure to Index Objects Silhouettes
by S. Aouat, S.
Larabi
Vol. 5. n. 2, pp. 233-241
Abstract - We
propose in this paper a novel indexing and classification method based
on the use of the quad-tree structure. The 3D objects are represented by
their silhouettes and codified following the filling rate of each
quadrant at different levels of the quad-tree subdivision. We will see
that three decomposition levels are sufficient to efficiently index all
the images of the database. We propose also a modified linear
codification for silhouettes, this method improves the processing time
because, in opposite to the traditional algorithms, our algorithm has
not a processing time that is proportional to the number of pixels in
the image.
Copyright © 2010 Praise Worthy Prize S.r.l. -
All rights reserved
Keywords:
Quad-Tree, Quadrant, Filling Rate, Silhouette, Indexing,
Classification.
Bandwidth
Grant Algorithm for Delay Reduction in IEEE 802.16j MMR WiMAX Networks
by Fath Elrahman
Ismael, Sharifah K. Syed Yusof, Norshela Fisal
Vol. 5. n. 2, pp. 242-248
Abstract - IEEE
802.16j MMR WiMAX networks allow the number of hops between the user and
the MMR-BS to be more than two hops. The standard bandwidth request
procedure in WiMAX network introduces much delay to the user data and
acknowledgement of the TCP packet that affects the performance and
throughput of the network. In this paper, we propose a new scheduling
scheme to reduce the bandwidth request delay in MMR networks. In this
scheme, the MMR-BS allocates bandwidth to its direct subordinate RSs
without bandwidth request using Grey prediction algorithm to estimate
the required bandwidth of each of its subordinate RS. Using this
architecture, the access RS can allocate its subordinate MSs the
required bandwidth without notification to the MMR-BS. Our Bandwidth
Grant Algorithm can reduce delay in IEEE 802.16j MMR WiMAX Network
significantly.
Copyright © 2010 Praise Worthy Prize S.r.l. -
All rights reserved
Keywords:
IEEE 802.16j, Grey Predictor, Delay, Throughput, Wireless
Networks.
Cognitive
Bandwidth Planning of Mission Critical Traffic in Federated Heterogeneous
Inter-Domain Future Internet Environments
by Ilka Miloucheva,
Dirk Hetzer, P. A. Aranda Gutiérrez, Ulrich Hofmann
Vol. 5. n. 2, pp. 249-256
Abstract - Mission
critical applications used in heterogeneous inter-domain Internet
infrastructures in different areas, for instance crisis and disaster,
emergency, health, public safety, civil protection, fire-fighting,
evacuation and military, require high level of intelligence of
communication services in order to guarantee reliability, availability,
security and specific QoS requirements of mission critical traffic. In
this paper, design considerations of a policy based bandwidth planning
architecture for mission critical application traffic in virtualized
(connection-oriented) heterogeneous inter-domain environments is
discussed. The architecture is based on automated interactions between
bandwidth planning (allocation of resources in advance on inter-domain
connections) and operational bandwidth management (bandwidth allocation,
monitoring and traffic rerouting) using dynamic knowledge infrastructure
(including topology, performance and traffic of virtual inter-domain
connections, as well as QoS requirements and policies of mission
critical applications in heterogeneous inter-domain infrastructure). The
automated update of information of the distributed dynamic knowledge
infrastructure is based on performance and topology learning of
inter-domain connections. The proposed architecture is extending GMPLS
(Generalized Multi-Protocol Label Switching) technology with traffic
engineering, policy and bandwidth planning mechanisms for enhanced
provisioning of mission critical applications in inter-domain Future
Internet environment.
Copyright © 2010 Praise Worthy Prize S.r.l. -
All rights reserved
Keywords:
Mission Critical Communication, Bandwidth Planning, Inter-Domain,
GMPLS, Virtualization, Federation, Knowledge Infrastructure, Policy, QoS,
Future Internet.
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