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International Review
of PHYSICS - Papers
Vol. 3. n. 4, pp. 207-211
Abstract
-
By using the Rényi entropy, and following the same scheme that in the
Fisher-Rényi entropy product case, a generalized statistical complexity
is defined. Several properties of it, including inequalities and lower
and upper bounds are derived. The hydrogen atom is used as a test system
where to quantify these two different statistical magnitudes, the
Fisher-Rényi entropy product and the generalized statistical complexity.
For each level of energy, both indicators take their minimum values on
the orbitals that correspond to the highest orbital angular momentum.
Hence, in the same way as happens with the Fisher-Shannon and the
statistical complexity, these generalized Rényi-like statistical
magnitudes break the energy degeneration in the H-atom.
Copyright © 2009 Praise Worthy Prize S.r.l. -
All rights reserved
Keywords:
Generalized Statistical Complexity, Fisher-Rényi Information,
Hydrogen Atom.
 Duct
Section Effect on Fluence and Neutron Spectrum
by Z. Faik Ouahab, A.
Jehouani, J. Ghassoun, A. Oubaiddou
Vol. 3. n. 4, pp. 212-218
Abstract - A major
problem confronting the radiation shield designer is the accurate
determination of neutron streaming through various penetrations in
shields. The Monte Carlo method is well adapted to deal with this kind
of problems. However, the accuracy of the calculation depends strongly
on the geometric complexity of the duct.
In this study, we used the MCNP code to study the geometry effect on the
spectrum and the transmission probability at the exit of aluminum filled
ducts surrounded by iron, with a circular (Sr) and square (Sc) sections.
We found that for the same surface Sr=Sc, there is no large difference
between spectrum or transmission probabilities for different values of
surface, length and neutrons energy. For thermal incident neutrons, the
calculations show that the effect of thermal equilibrium influences so
much both spectrum and transmission probability
Copyright © 2009 Praise Worthy Prize S.r.l. -
All rights reserved
Keywords:
: Duct, MCNP, Neutron, Spectrum, Fluence.
Vol. 3. n. 4, pp. 219-223
Abstract
-
High quality sol-gel derived ZnO in thin films were deposited on glass
substrates by spin coating at 2000 rpm. Zinc Acetate and Indium Chloride
were used as precursor materials. The effect of dopant concentration and
annealing in different temperature on the electrical, optical and
structural properties of produced thin films were investigated. The
optical transmittance spectra showed a very good transmittance of 99.5%
within the wavelength of 540 nm for the film doped with 2 wt.% In .
Increased dopant (more than 6 %) changed n type semiconductor to p type.
Results showed that the c-axis orientation was determined by annealing
temperature and that the grain size and resistance of the IZO thin films
were mainly influenced by the annealing temperature.
Copyright © 2009 Praise Worthy Prize S.r.l. -
All rights reserved
Keywords:
Sol-gel, Thin film, Annealing, Grain size, Transmittance,
Wavelength.
Band
Structure Effect on Carbon Nanotube Fermi Energy
by Mohammad Taghi Ahmadi,
Amir Hosssein Fallahpour,Vahid Kouhdaragh, Razali Ismail
Vol. 3. n. 4, pp. 224-227
Abstract
-
The band structure of carbon nanotube (CNT) is obtained from the graphene
band structure. This method demonstrates that, the band energy of CNT
near to the minimum band energy is parabolic. However it’s not parabolic
in other part of the band energy. For non-parabolic condition density of
state proportion of numerical integrals which is different from Fermi
integrals and numerical solution implemented in degenerate and
nondegenerate approximation. Given density of state the carrier
concentration is obtained based on the Numerical method as an
alternative for tabulated Fermi – Dirac integrals which we call them
Carbon nanotube Fermi integrals (CNFI). According to numerically solved
Carbon nanotube Fermi integrals, Fermi energy in non-parabolic region of
band structure with respect to the band edge is function of temperature
that independent of the carrier concentration in the nondegenrate
regime. In the other strongly degenerate, the Fermi energy is a function
of carrier concentration appropriate for given dimensionality, but is
independent of temperature.
Copyright © 2009 Praise Worthy Prize S.r.l. -
All rights reserved
Keywords:
Carbon nanotube, Fermi Energy, Non-parabolic Band Energy.
Abstract
-
The optical properties of an ultra-thin conducting polymer film was
investigated using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) reflectometry system
consisting of 2 mW He-Ne 632.8nm solid state laser. Real part of the
complex permittivity decreases with thickness, but remains between
2.0-3.0 for films thicker than 30 nm. Exposure to HCl vapour is expected
to increase conductivity. Shifting and shallowing of SPR curves with the
length of exposure to HCl exhibit increase in conducting properties.
Copyright © 2009 Praise Worthy Prize S.r.l. -
All rights reserved
Keywords:
Conducting Polymer, Surface Plasmon Resonance, Polyaniline, Thin
Film, Permittivity.
Vol. 3. n. 4, pp. 233-236
Abstract
-
Four kinds of formulations have implemented in this paper for six
Burundian stations, relating in monthly averages the clearness index (Kt
) or its modified expression (K’t ) at one hand, to the
relative sunshine duration (sr ) or its modified
expression (s’r), and the atmospheric water vapor content (Wat
) at the other hand. Those relationships were : (i) linear correlations
vs ; (ii) linear correlations
K''t
vs
s’r;
(iii) second degree polynomials
Kt
vs
sr
; and (iv) linear double correlations
Kt
vs
sr
and
Wat,
respectively. Beside various usual geographical, astronomical and
atmospheric parameters, a 7 years period data of the daily solar global
irradiation (G), sunshine duration (S), ambient air temperature (T) and
relative humidity
U
have been used in the implementation process. The seasonal variations of
Kt,
K''t,
sr
and
s’r;
were found similar i.e. exhibiting maximums in the dry season and
minimums in the wet season; whereas the opposite trends were observed
for
Wat,.
The annual averages of
Kt
and
sr
have been noticed in the ranges [0.42; 0. 54] and [0. 45; 0.58],
respectively, which indicate a fairly sunny sky over the stations under
analysis. For any of the six stations, four statistical tests have been
performed to check the validity of each resulting single linear
correlation, namely the regression coefficient (R), the mean bias error
(MBE), the root mean square error (RMSE) and the t-statistics. Only the
test of the regression coefficient has been performed for the last two
kinds of relationships. As a result, the overall 24 formulations have
been found with R, MBE, RMSE, t and tc (critical value of t) ranging in
the following intervals (or equal to) : [0.82; 0.97] ; [-0.003;
+0.0002]; [0.011; 0.020]; [0.019 ; 0.49] and 3.106, respectively. The
obtained formulations are therefore very good and should be used as
input data in projects of solar energy conversion or storage systems at
those stations or at surrounding locations.
Copyright © 2009 Praise Worthy Prize S.r.l. -
All rights reserved
Keywords:
Atmospheric Water Vapour Content; Clearness Index; Linear
Regressions; Relative Sunshine Duration; Statistical Tests.
The Optimization Influence of the Solar Panels’ Orientation on a
Photovoltaic System Efficiency
by M. L. Louazene, D.
Korichi
Vol. 3. n. 4, pp. 237-243
Abstract - The
photovoltaic solar energy is a new and an appropriate alternative
source. One of the weak points of this type of system is its weak
efficiency. In this paper, we analyze this problem and we show the
importance of the slope of the solar panels to maximize the efficiency
of the system. We have computed the maximal energy that can receive a
solar panels, by choosing the monthly optimal angle of inclination and
have demonstrated that for the considered geographical site this energy
remains practically maximal by changing the slope of the panels four
times a year only (seasonally).
Copyright © 2009 Praise Worthy Prize S.r.l. -
All rights reserved
Keywords:
Solar Panels, Solar Radiation, Angle of orientation, Photovoltaic
Energy.
Compound Active-Region-Cutout-Enclosed-Layout-Transistor for Space
Electronic Applications
by Shuza Binzaid, John
O. Attia
Vol. 3. n. 4, pp. 244-249
Abstract - RHBD ELT
was modified using active-region-cutouts (ARCs). The new MOSFET is
called ARCELT. The basic ARCELT is a compound MOSFET having three
transistors within it. Relationship between the number of transistors in
ARCELT and the number of ARCs has been established. Special applications
of ARCELT in electronic circuits have been provided. ARCELT reduces
radiation induced leakage current and electronic circuits size; thus
saving silicon space and improving IC’s design density.
Copyright © 2009 Praise Worthy Prize S.r.l. -
All rights reserved
Keywords:
Active-region-cutout (ARC), Enclosed-layout-transistor (ELT),
Active-region-cutout-enclosed-layout-transistor (ARCELT), Radiation
hardened-by-design (RHBD), Integrated circuit (IC), Radiation-induced
leakage current, Total-ionizing-dose (TID).
Optimum Time Available for Fast Ignition in Inertial Confinement Fusion
by M. J. Tabatabaei, A.
Ghasemizad
Vol. 3. n. 4, pp. 250-255
Abstract - An
analytic model for the dynamics of fast ignition is studied for the case
in which the proton beam heats the fuel by generating a subsonic heat
wave. It shows that the temperature, the confinement parameter, and
density of the hot spot required for ignition decrease with the proton
range
 . Our calculations together
with the results of supersonic model, allow for the determination of the optimum
time available for ignition as
 .Copyright © 2009 Praise Worthy Prize S.r.l. -
All rights reserved
Keywords:
Fast ignition, Deuterium-tritium (DT) fuel, Hot spot, Proton
range, Subsonic model.
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